GE Healthcare
Benzamidine Sepharose™ 6B is p-aminobenzamidine covalently
attached to Sepharose 6B by the epoxy coupling method.
p-Aminobenzamidine (PAB), is a synthetic inhibitor of trypsin-like
serine protease. Trypsin and trypsin-like serine proteases bind to
Benzamidine Sepharose 6B and can thus be used for purification and/
or removal of these substances. Trypsin, bovine thrombin, urokinase,
human enterokinase, acrosin, native plasminogen, kallikrein,
prekallikrein, collagenase and clostripain are some of the serine
proteases that have been purified on Benzamidine Sepharose 6B.
For recombinant purification, Benzamidine Sepharose 6B can be used
for removal of serine proteases such as thrombin and enterokinase
after cleavage of purification tags.Sample TextSepharose and Drop Design are trademarks of GE Healthcare companies. GE, imagination at work and GE monogram are
trademarks of General Electric Company.
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changes in specifications and features shown herein, or discontinue the product described at any time without notice or
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imagination at workTable 1. Medium characteristics.
Ligand density: 7 μmole p-aminobenzamidine/ml
drained media
Available capacity*: 13 mg trypsin/ml drained media
Bead structure: 6% agarose
Bead size range: 45–165 μm
Mean particle size: 90 μm
Max linear flow rate**: 75 cm/h at 25°C, HR 16/10 column,
5 cm bed height
pH stability***
Long term: 3–11
Short term: 2–13
Chemical stability: Stable to all commonly used aqueous
buffers
Physical stability: Negligible volume variation due to
changes in pH or ionic strength
* The binding capacity was determinded in 50 mM Tris-HCI,
pH 8.0 containing 0.5 M NaCl.
** Linear flow rate =
Volumetric flow rate (cm3/h)
column cross-sectional area (cm2)
*** The ranges given are estimates based on our knowledge and
experience. Please note the following:
pH stability, long term refers to the pH interval where the medium
is stable over a long period of time without adverse effects on its
subsequent chromatographic performance.
pH stability, short term refers to the pH interval for regeneration
and cleaning.Contents
1. Preparing the medium 3
2. Packing Sepharose 6B medium 4
3. Using an adaptor 5
4. Binding of protein 5
5. Elution of protein 6
6. Regeneration 6
7. Cleaning 7
8. Storage 7
9. Ordering Information 7
10. References 7
1. Preparing the medium
Benzamidine Sepharose 6B is supplied pre-swollen in 20%
ethanol. Prepare a slurry by decanting the ethanol solution
and replacing it with binding buffer in a ratio of 75% settled
media to 25% buffer before packing. The binding buffer
should not contain agents which significantly increase the
viscosity. The column may be equilibrated with viscous
buffers at reduced flow rates after packing is completed.2. Packing Sepharose 6B medium
1. Equilibrate all material to the temperature at which the
chromatography will be performed.
2. De-gas the medium slurry.
3. Eliminte air from the column dead spaces by flushing
the end pieces with buffer. Make sure no air has been
trapped under the column net. Close the column outlet
with a few centimeters of buffer remaining in the
column.
4. Pour the slurry into the column in one continuous
motion. Pouring the slurry down a glass rod held against
the wall of the column will minimize the introduction of
air bubbles.
5. Immediately fill the remainder of the column with
buffer, mount the column top piece onto the column and
connect the column to a pump.
6. Open the bottom outlet of the column and set the pump
to run at the desired flow rate. This should be at least
133% of the flow rate to be used during subsequent
chromatographic procedures. However, the maximum
flow rate, see Table 1, is typically employed during
packing.
Note: I f you have packed at the maximum linear flow
rate, do not exceed 75% of this in subsequent
chromatographic procedures.
7. Maintain the packing flow rate for 3 bed volumes after a
constant bed height is reached.
For detailed desription on column packing, refer to our
Handbook on Affinity Chromatography, Principles and
Methods (18-1022-29), which can be downloaded from
www.gehealthcare.com/protein-purification3.Using an adaptor
Adaptors should be fitted as follows:
1. After the medium has been packed as described above,
close the column outlet and remove the top piece from
the column. Carefully fill the rest of the column with
buffer to form an upward meniscus at the top.
2. Insert the adaptor at an angle into the column, ensuring
that no air is trapped under the net.
3. Make all tubing connections at this stage. There must be
a bubble-free liquid connection between the column and
the bump, and column and the sample application valve.
4. Slide the plunger slowly down the column so that the air
above the net and in the capillary tubings is displaced by
eluent. Valves on the inlet side of the column should be
turned in all directions during this procedure to ensure
that air is removed.
5. Lock the adaptor in position on the medium surface,
open the column outlet and start the eluent flow. Pass
eluent through the column at the packing flow rate until
the medium bed is stable. Re-position the adaptor on the
medium surface as necessary.
The column is now equilibrated and ready for use.
4. Binding of protein
A suitable binding buffer is 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0 containing
0.5 M NaCl. Good results are obtained at room temperature
although the optimal temperature for binding is 4°C.
After the sample has been loaded, wash the medium with
binding buffer until the baseline is stable.5. Elution of protein
Bound substances can be eluted specifically or nonspecifically.
To elute bound substances specifically, a
competing agent such as p-aminobenzamidine can be used.
Competitive elution buffer:
20 mM p-aminobenzamidine in binding buffer.
Several methods may be used for non-specific elution of
bound sucstances:
• A change in ionic strenght alters the degree of ionization
of the charged groups at the binding site. Elution is
normally complete at salt concentrations of 1 M or less of
NaCl. Either step or continuous gradients may be used.
• A change in pH alters the degree of ionization of the
charged groups at the binding. Either step or continuous
gradients may be used.
• Reduction of the polarity of the elution buffer byaddition
of dioxane (up to 10%) or ethylene glycol (up to 50%)
may be used for elution of bound substances.
• Use of deforming agents like urea or guanidine
hydrochloride is an alternative for elution of bound
substances.
6. Regeneration
Depending of the nature of the sample, Benzamidine
Sepharose 6B may be regenerated for re-use by washing
the medium with 2–3 bed volumes of alternating high pH
(0.1 M Tris-HCl + 0.5 M NaCl, pH 8.5) and low pH (0.1 M sodium
acetate + 0.5 M NaCl, pH 4.5) buffers. This cycle should be
repeated 3 times followed by re-equilibration with 3–5 bed
volumes of binding buffer.
If detergent or denaturing agents have been used during chromatography,
these can also be used in the washing buffer.7. Cleaning
In some applications, substances like denaturated proteins
or lipids do not elute in the regeneration procedure. These
can be removed by washing the column with a detergent
solution, e.g. 0.1% Triton X-100 at 37°C for one minute.
Re-equilibrate immediately with at least 5 bed volumes of
binding buffer.
8. Storage
Benzamidine Sepharose 6B should be stored at 4–8°C in
the presence of a suitable bacteriostatic agent, e.g. 20%
ethanol, at neutral pH.
9. Ordering Information
Product Pack size Code No.
Benzamidine Sepharose 6B 25 ml 17-0568-01
10. References
1. Purification and characterization of a trypsin-like serine
proteinase from rat brain slices that degrades laminin
and type IV collagen and stimulates protease-activated
receptor-2. J. Neurochem. (2000), 74(4), 1731–1738,
Sawada, K. et al.
2. Purification of mast cell proteases from murine skin.
Exp. Dermatol. (1999), 8(5), 413–418, Algermissen, B. et al.
3. Purification of rabbit liver aldehyde oxidase by affinity
chromatography on benzamidine Sepharose 6B.
J. Chromatogr. (1989), 475 363-72, Stell, J. G. P. et al.
4. The Crystal Structure of a T Cell Receptor in Complex
with Peptide and MHC Class II. Science 1999 December 3;
286: 1913–1921. Reinherz, Ellis L. et al.