根據首項針對此前有關極端情緒及所有心血管病變之關聯的研究的系統評估，憤怒情緒爆發后兩小時內即可誘發心臟病、中風及其他心血管疾病。
該項刊登于European Heart
Journal一刊的系統綜述與元分析研究文章表示，在憤怒情緒爆發后兩小時內，研究對象患心臟病（心肌梗塞或急性冠脈綜合癥）的風險將比普通人群高5倍（4.47%）左右，中風風險增加3倍（3.62%），心室性心律失常風險也比普通人群高出許多。
文章來源：European Heart Journal
原文鏈接：http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/03/03/eurheartj.ehu033.full
原文：Outbursts of anger as a trigger of acute cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-**ysis
作者：Elizabeth Mostofsky, Elizabeth Anne Penner, Murray A. Mittleman
Abstract
Aim Short-term psychological stress is associated with an immediate
physiological response and may be associated with a transiently higher
risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to determine
whether brief episodes of anger trigger the onset of acute myocardial
infarction （MI）， acute coronary syndromes （ACS）， ischaemic and
haemorrhagic stroke, and ventricular arrhythmia.
Methods and results We performed a systematic review of studies
evaluating whether outbursts of anger are associated with the short-term
risk of heart attacks, strokes, and disturbances in cardiac rhythm that
occur in everyday life. We performed a literature search of the CINAHL,
Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases from January 1966 to June 2013
and reviewed the reference lists of retrieved articles and included
meeting abstracts and unpublished results from experts in the field.
Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with
inverse-variance-weighted random-effect models. The systematic review
included nine independent case-crossover studies of anger outbursts and
MI/ACS （four studies）， ischaemic stroke （two studies）， ruptured
intracranial aneurysm （one study）， and ventricular arrhythmia （two
studies）。 There was evidence of substantial heterogeneity between the
studies （I2 = 92.5% for MI/ACS and 89.8% for ischaemic stroke）。 Despite
the heterogeneity, all studies found that, compared with other times,
there was a higher rate of cardiovascular events in the 2h following
outbursts of anger.
Conclusion There is a higher risk of cardiovascular events shortly after outbursts of anger.