MultipleantiapoptoticpathwaysfromIGF1RsignalingleadtoBADphosphory
IGF-1R, the type 1 receptor for insulin-like growth factor, mediates cell survival and growth in response to its ligands IGF-1 and IGF-2. This tyrosine kinase receptor is widely expressed in many cell types and is a key mediator of growth. Overexpression or activation of IGF-1R may be involved in the proliferation of transformed cells, making inhibition of IGF-1R signaling a strategy for the development of cancer dru......閱讀全文
Multiple antiapoptotic pathways from IGF-1R signaling lead to BAD phosphory
IGF-1R, the type 1 receptor for insulin-like growth factor, mediates cell survival and growth in response to it
Signaling Pathway from G-Protein Families
G-aS-coupled receptors stimulate adenylyl cyclase (AC), which synthesizes cAMP from ATP. In contrast Gai-coupled receptor
IL 4 signaling pathway
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a cytokine that can lead to development of Th2 cells. The 140 kD IL-4 Receptor (CD124) is found on many cell types, even those
Ceramide Signaling Pathway
Over 1,000 papers and reviews have been written about the role of ceramide in the production of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Ceramide is a sphi
Cyclin E Destruction Pathway
Cyclins are proteins that associate with cyclin-dependent protein kinases to regulate their activity and the progression of the cell cycle through spe
Apoptotic DNA fragmentation and tissue homeostasis
Apoptotic cell death can be triggered by many different cellular stimuli, resulting in activation of apoptotic signaling pathways including caspases (
BCR Signaling Pathway
Significant progress has been made towards delineation of the intrinsic molecular processes that regulate B lymphocyte immune function. Recent observa
CCR3 signaling in Eosinophils
Eosinophils are a key class of leukocytes involved in inflammatory responses, including allergic reactions in skin and airway. The eosinophil response
IL-2 Receptor Beta Chain in T cell Activation
The IL-2 receptor is a key component of immune signaling and is required for the activation, proliferation, and survival of T cells. This receptor is
Biosynthesis of neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules used by neurons to communicate across chemical synapses. The receptors for neurotransmitters include G-prote