AntibodyPurificationusingProteinA,ProteinG,orProteinLAgarose

實驗概要

This  protocol is designed as a quick purification method for antibodies from  mammalian sera, ascites, and cell culture supernatants

主要試劑

Protein A Loading Buffer: 1 M potassium phosphate, pH 9.0

Protein G or L Loading Buffer: 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4 (Product No. P4417)

Elution Buffer: 0.1 M citric acid, pH 3.0

1.5    M Tris base, for neutralization of the eluate

Sodium azide (preservative) [詳細信息：Product No. S2002]

實驗材料

3- 5 ml syringe (column sleeve), glass wool

Test tubes, rack

Ring stand, clamp

Serum, ascites or cell culture supernatant

pH meter

Stopcock, Luer-Lock [詳細信息：Product No. S7396]

Beakers, stirbars and stirplate (for buffer preparation)

Sterile filter units

Transfer pipettes, bulbs

實驗步驟

1.        Prepare buffers. Buffers may be stored at 4 °C for 1-2 weeks. Filtration through sterile filter units will prolong the life of the buffers, but is not required.

2.        Prepare  column sleeve. Remove plunger from syringe and discard. Press a small  amount of glass wool into the bottom of the syringe, enough to form a  cushion about 1/2 - 1 cm thick. Attach the stopcock. Rinse with 1-2 ml  loading buffer. Ensure that the glass wool cushion remains firmly in the  bottom of the syringe.

3.        Suspend  the resin in 2 ml loading buffer by inverting and rotating the bottle.  Avoid excessive shaking. Do not vortex the slurry.

4.        Pour  the slurry into the syringe. Allow the excess buffer to drain through,  then wash the column with 5 ml loading buffer. Do not allow the resin to  run completely dry.

5.        If  possible, estimate the amount of Ig in the serum, ascites, or  supernatant to be loaded. If the amount of Ig is not known, Table (193  Kb PDF) contains approximate levels of Igs in serum from different  species, in mouse ascites, and in cell culture supernatant that may be  used to estimate the amount of Ig in the starting material. Based on the  capacity of the resin for Ig from the species of the starting material  (see Notes above) and the amount of Ig in the starting material,  calculate the volume to load.

Note:  These are approximate values, to be used only as an initial guide.  Actual Ig concentrations in fluids and binding to the resins will vary  and optimal ratios of starting material to resin must be determined  experimentally.

6.        Dilute serum or ascites with 3 volumes of loading buffer. Dilute supernatant with 1 volume of loading buffer.

7.        Apply  diluted material to column. Collect unbound fraction in a test tube or  beaker and save for possible reprocessing. Wash through unbound proteins  with 5 ml loading buffer per ml resin.

8.        Apply Elution Buffer to column. Collect fractions equal to 1/2 column volume. Use 10 ml elution buffer per ml resin.

9.        Re-equilibrate  the column with 5 ml loading buffer per ml resin. Check pH of effluent  to ensure that column is equilibrated at the pH of the loading buffer.

10.    Assay  eluate fractions for protein by absorbance at 280 nm. (If desired, a  visual determination can be done using the Total Protein Kit.)

11.    Pool fractions which are positive for protein. Neutralize to pH 6 - 8 with 1.5 M Tris base.

12.    If  desired, the unbound fraction may be re-applied to the column to  recover any Ig that did not bind on the first pass, which may occur if  the amount of material loaded exceeds the column capacity.

13.    Dialyze into desired buffer, i.e. PBS, pH 7, at 4 °C.  The volume of the dialysis buffer should be at least 20 times the  volume of the protein solution. At least 2 changes of dialysis buffer,  for at least 2-4 hours each, should be done to ensure complete  equilibration in the dialysis buffer.

14.    If  no more runs are to be performed, wash the column with PBS containing  0.05 - 0.1% sodium azide. Seal the column with a stopper or Parafilm and  store at 4 °C.

Note:  If desired, separation of mouse and human IgG isotypes is possible from  Protein A using a gradient-forming device (i.e. Product No. G6897) to  create a linear pH gradient in 0.1 M citrate buffer runningfrom pH 6.5  to pH 3.0. The total gradient volume should be at least 10 times the  column volume. The disadvantages of this method of elution are that it  yields several peaks, each of which must be neutralized and tested, and  that it results in a much more dilute product than the single step  elution.

注意事項

This  protocol uses a high molarity, high pH loading buffer for Protein A to  enhance binding of subclasses with a weak affinity for Protein A (such  as mouse IgG1). Binding to Protein G and L takes place at neutral pH, so  phosphate buffered saline is used as the loading buffer. Elution of  bound Ig is accomplished in a single step with a citrate buffer, pH 3,  which removes all subclasses that have bound to the resin. The capacity  of Protein A and Protein G for IgG from various species may be estimated  from the relative affinities given in Table (71 Kb PDF). An IgG  subclass with 1-2 pluses will bind at 1-5 mg IgG per ml resin. A  subclass with 3-4 pluses will bind at 10-25 mg per ml resin. Protein L  is able to bind all Ig classes and can bind 3-10 mg Ig per ml resin for  species with 4 pluses. It is recommended that the resin to be used have  at least 2 pluses for the species and Ig class of the material to be  purified.