The binding of ?-arrestins to agonist-occupied GPCRs coincides with the recruitment of Src family tyrosine kinases, including c-Src, Hck and c-Fgr (Src-TK), to the receptor—?-arrestin complex. Several signaling events have been reported to involve ?-arrestin-dependent Src recruitment. These include the regulation of clathrin-dependent ?2-adrenergic receptor endocytosis by tyrosine phosphorylation of dynamin, Ras-dependent activation of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase cascade and stimulation of cell proliferation by ?2-adrenergic and neurokinin NK1 receptors, and stimulation of chemokine CXCR1 receptor-mediated neutrophil degranulation
Contributor: Kosi Gramatikoff, PhD
REFERENCES: Andrew J et al. Physiological Regulation of G Protein-Linked Signaling Physiol Rev, Oct 1999; 79: 1373 - 1430. K. Palczewski. Structure and functions of arrestins Protein Sci., Sep 1994; 3: 1355 - 1361. KL Pierce and RJ Lefkowitz. Classical and new roles of beta-arrestins in the regulation of G-protein-coupled receptors. Nat Rev Neurosci, Oct 2001; 2(10): 727-33. Moritz Bünemann and M. Marlene Hosey. G-protein coupled receptor kinases as modulators of G-protein signaling J. Physiol., May 1999; 517: 5 - 23. Robert J. Lefkowitz. G Protein-coupled Receptors. III. New roles for receptor kinases and -arrestins in receptor signaling and desensitization. J. Biol. Chem., Jul 1998; 273: 18677 - 18680.
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