本文作者：同濟大學醫學院，上海市肺科醫院 周大鵬教授
2007 年8月，糖免疫學的權威專家之一，墨爾本大學外科系的 Mauro Sandrin 教授，在Immunology and Cell Biology發表了一個檢測 iGb3抗原的單克隆抗體，15.101 。iGb3 抗原是介導免疫排斥反應的活性抗原，所以這個抗體被認為有很大的診斷價值。
不幸的是，我們組通過質譜分析很快發現，Sandrin 組在用 15.101 抗體進行細胞染色時，識別的抗原不是 iGb3，而是一些相關的有交叉反應性的糖脂抗原。而15.101 抗體的抗原特異性，也并非文章結論部分所推斷的那樣特異。我們和另一個專攻糖生物學的Steven Levery 課題組交流了這些數據后，決定向 Immunology and Cell Biology 提出質疑。我和Steven Levery 教授總結了我們的實驗結果，把質譜圖和我們的質疑投稿到了主編 Chris Parish 郵箱。
Chris Parish 教授立即回信，
以下是引用片段：
Dear Dr Zhou，
Thanks for your email regarding the manuscript by Milland et al that was recently published in ICB. The ICB policy regarding refutations is below：
'We recognize our responsibility to correct errors that we have previously published. Our policy is to consider refutations (readers' criticisms) of primary research papers， and to publish them (in concise form) if and only if the author provides good evidence that an important claim or claims in the original paper were incorrect. Refutations are peer-reviewed， and where possible they are sent to at least one of the referees who reviewed the original paper. A copy is usually also sent to the corresponding author of the original paper for signed comments. Refutations are typically published in the 'Correspondence' section of Immunology and Cell Biology， sometimes with a brief response from the original authors. Some submitted refutations are eventually published as retractions by the paper's authors. In both cases， the published refutation or retraction is linked online to the original paper， and the published paper is linked online to the refutation or retraction.'
Based on the above I will be sending out your refutation manuscript for peer review and will also contact the corresponding author of the manuscript for comments.
Regards，
Chris Parish
Editor-in-Chief
Immunology and Cell Biology
Chris Parish 教授回信后，按照期刊政策規范，把我們的質疑投稿送給了 Sandrin 文章的審稿人，進行了 peer review 后予以發表。Parish 教授也通知了原作者Sandrin 本人，轉告我們對15.101抗體的特異性的質疑。
在我們投稿質疑到發表的過程中，雜志編委，審稿人，原文章作者，都遵守了職業規范，關鍵是雙方數據都得到發表，抗體的特異性用數據來驗證。
學術爭論是推動科學進展的主要動力，科學期刊設計的規則有益于科學的健康發展，相信我國科學家會越來越多的以規范化的投稿參與國際學術難題的討論，享受科學發現的喜悅。
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